Abstract

STORANI, M.E. et al. Carcinoma in thyroglosal duct cyst. Rev. argent. endocrinol. metab. [online]. 2010, vol.47, n.3, pp.18-24. ISSN 1851-3034.

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) in thyroglosal duct cyst (TGDC) is rare, ranging from 0.7 to 1.07% in different series. After the surgery of choice (Sistrunk procedure) the other alternative treatments such as thyroidectomy (Tx), radioiodine and L-T4 therapy are controversial. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate several and controversial aspects in the largest series of DTC in TGDC reported in the literature. Subjects and methods: retrospective multicentric study: n= 22, aged 10-69 yrs. (15 females and 7 men) who underwent the Sistrunk procedure for TGDC. Results: none of the TGDC was less than 1 cm (median 3.0 cm, Χ±SD= 3.7 ± 2.2cm). In half of them there was an increased cystic size in the last 6 months before surgery. Cyst FNA was suspicious in 2/5 and positive in one, whereas the histological diagnosis of the operated TGCD was papillary cancer in 21 and 1 follicular carcinoma. Thyroid ultrasound (US) (n=13) showed nodules in 30% of the cases. Tx was performed in 17/22 (total: 15, subtotal: 2). Thyroid DTC coexisted in 4/17 (23.5%), and was unilateral in all of them. Lymph node metastases were present in 2 adults and muscle involvement was found in the 10-year old girl. None of these 3 patients had overt thyroid lesions. 131-I therapy was performed in 10 patients. In 9 out of 11 subjects Tg remained undetectable during follow-up (1-14yrs.). Persistent high Tg was present in one case without thyroid DTC. Conclusions: 1) Ultrasonography and FNAB should be performed to every patient with thyroglossal duct cyst 2) In case of TGDC, total Tx and Sistrunk's procedure should be simultaneously combined 3) 131-I therapy and L-T4 suppressive treatment should be evaluated in every case 4) Follow-up as in the DTC.

Keywords : Thyroglosal duct cyst; Thyroid cancer; Thyroid carcinoma; Thyroglosal duct.

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