Resumen

BLARIZA, MG et al. Obesidad, hipertensión, síndrome metabólico y diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en dadores de sangre, individuos presuntamente sanos, del banco de sangre, tejidos y biologicos, de la ciudad de posadas. Rev. argent. endocrinol. metab. [online]. 2019, vol.56, n.1, pp.50-59. ISSN 1851-3034.

Cardiovascular disease occupies one of the first places as a cause of death in the world. During the first year of the project, we set out to find the prevalence and its distribution by sex of hypertension, general and abdominal obesity in blood donors. Establish the frequency and distribution by sex of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) and find the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus; while in the second year we focused on re-evaluating and assessing the impact of the intervention on each individual. In a population of presumably healthy blood donors of the Blood, Tissue and Biological Bank of the Province of Misiones.

Volunteer donors between 20 and 50 years were evaluated, 2014-2015 period. Anthropometric data and blood pressure were obtained. A blood extraction with fasting of 12 hours was performed for biochemical determinations, medical consultation and treatment for those who needed it. Period 2015-2016, a qualitative open survey and biochemical-clinical evaluation of individuals was conducted. Data were obtained from 141 voluntary blood donors, 47 women and 94 men. 38.1% of the total population had high blood pressure, 29.5% obesity, 59% of the study population had abdominal obesity and 41.7% of donors had MS. An incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus of 8.6% (n = 12) and 39.6% (n = 55) of the individuals had altered fasting blood glucose.

All the individuals who presented some risk factor attended the medical consultation. At the end of one year they are re-scheduled for re-evaluation. Although, the majority agreed on the importance of carrying out health checks, of the 30 individuals who were in treatment only 9 continued to do so, preventing this a correct global clinical evaluation and measuring the impact of the interventions that were performed. Of all the study population, only 4 individuals have noticed a significant change after one year, improving all their risk factors. The parameter that showed the greatest change, in a year, was the fasting blood glucose. Everyone was aware of the significance of cardiovascular risk factors and what their consequences were. Almost all of the donor population had at least one risk factor for cardiovascular disease, all of them modifiable, highlighting the short age of the population. None of the individuals in the study was aware of their condition. Only 9 individuals completed the treatment scheme indicated according to their pathology.

Palabras clave : metabolic syndrome; Hypertension.

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