Abstract

LLANO, María Mercedes. Expresiones comunes del patronazgo: un fenómeno sin épocas ni fronteras. Doc. aportes adm. pública gest. estatal [online]. 2016, n.27, pp.129-160. ISSN 1851-3727.

This paper aims to make a contribution to the academic discussion on the topic of relations between politics and administration in Latin America through the recognition of the diversity of manifestations of patronage in administrative practices and structures in the region, in light of other cases of massive patronage, like the American and Spanish cases at the end of the XIX century, and the beginnings of the XX century, and contemporary Mediterranean cases. The study identifies a series of cross-cutting patterns associated with the strong roots of patronage in the analysed experiences, such as as the massive politicization of managerial positions, the dissociation between regulations and the effective functioning of civil services, the systematic avoidance of career structure by using various mechanisms of escape, political filtration of the permanent bureaucracy by way of exceptional nominations or promotions based on discretionary criteria and extensive incorporation of political appointees to career system without any considerations of merit, among other practices.

Keywords : Patronage; Public bureaucracy; Politicization; Clientelism; Professionalization.

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