Abstract

QUIROGA, Patricia N.  and  OLMOS, Valentina. Review of toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of cyanides and hydrogen cyanide. Acta toxicol. argent. [online]. 2009, vol.17, n.1, pp.20-32. ISSN 1851-3743.

Cyanide is one of the most dangerous poisons because of its rapid and potent toxicity, most times with lethal outcomes. Different poisoning treatments are based on knowledge of cyanide's toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic. The review of cyanide's toxicokinetics shows that, although thiosulfate-cyanide sulfotransferase (rhodanese) is the major metabolic pathway, binding serum albumin would be the first process of detoxification of cyanide in normal metabolism. The protective effect of cyanohydrin formers in cases of poisoning remains experimentally evaluated. Cyanide's binding affinity to the binuclear center heme a₃-Cu_B of cytochrome oxidase within their different redox states and cyanide's mechanism of inhibition of antioxidant enzymes are currently still being investigated. More and better understanding of cyanide's detoxification pathways and/or mechanisms of toxic action could lead to the development of new potential antidotes.

Keywords : Cyanide; Toxicokinetic; Toxicodynamic.

        · abstract in Spanish     · text in Spanish     · Spanish ( pdf )