Abstract

MAGALLANES, Julieta. What the "Conquest of the desert" did not take away: Provincial identity, intellectual field and indigenous memories in the south of Mendoza. Runa [online]. 2019, vol.40, n.1, pp.83-99. ISSN 1851-9628.  http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.34096/runa.v40i1.5524.

The article analyzes the processes that modified the political, economic and social configuration of the south of Mendoza towards the end of the 19th century, focusing especially in the gestation of a dominant imaginary around the so-called "Conquest of the desert" as the moment of indigenous "extinction" and the beginning of the "civilized" settlement of the region. Secondly, it examines the composition of the classical ethnology of Mendoza in the first three quarters of the 20th century and its role in the production of lasting meanings of provincial identity and alterity. Finally, it recovers the critical studies that, since the 1980s, have warned how ethnological classifications preceded the historicization of group formation processes and how the fixation of ethnonyms (Araucanian, Mapuche, Pehuenche) can best be explained in relationship to dynamic processes enabled by relations of force in successive historical periods.

Keywords : Conquest of the desert; South of Mendoza; Indigenous memories; Intellectuals; Twentieth century.

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