Resumen

GUZZI, Leda  y  GRUPO CAPO et al. Mortalidad en pacientes con neumonía provenientes de geriátrico: estudio caso-control. Rev. amer. med. respiratoria [online]. 2013, vol.13, n.3, pp.133-139. ISSN 1852-236X.

Introduction: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in institutions for elderly patients presents high incidence and mortality. Defining its characteristics will contribute to optimize therapeutic measures. Objective: To compare severity, etiology, antibiotic regimens used and outcome of a cohort of nursing home residents with CAP with a group of age-matched patients who are not resident at a nursing home. Methods: Multicenter, retrospective, case-control study. Information was taken from the international database CAPO. We included 534 patients hospitalized for CAP in Argentina, from June 2001 to December 2007. Among them, 30 cases were residents in nursing homes (cases). For each case, three controls of similar age were selected. Statistical analysis: ?2 and F-ANOVA. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: Mean age was 85.7 (SD 6.46) and 84.8 (SD 5.8) years for cases and controls respectively, p NS. Cases had significantly higher PSI scores (p < 0.0001). The etiology was determined in 17% of cases and 27% of controls. The antibiotics used were similar in both groups (p = 0.7). There was no significant difference in time to reach clinical stability or in length of hospital stay. Overall mortality was 50% in cases vs 26% in controls, (p = 0.02) and attributable mortality was 43.3% and 15.5% respectively (p = 0.002). In the multivariate analysis, stroke (p = 0.05), confusion (p = 0.01) and hypotension (p = 0.04) were associated significantly with mortality. Conclusions: nursing home residents presented more frequently severe pneumonia with increased mortality. This incidence was associated with the presence of previous stroke, confusion and hypotension on admission; it was not associated with residence in a nursing home.

Palabras clave : Pneumonia; Nursing home; Mortality; Elderly; Nursing-home acquired pneumonia; Community-acquired pneumonia.

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