Abstract

BISERO, Elsa et al. Evaluación de adherencia al tratamiento en un nuevo modelo de atención de niños con tuberculosis en un hospital público. Rev. amer. med. respiratoria [online]. 2013, vol.13, n.4, pp.190-196. ISSN 1852-236X.

Owing to the high rates of default from tuberculosis treatment observed during 2008 - 2009, interventions were implemented with the purpose of diminishing them. Primary Objective: To make a contribution to tuberculosis treatment adherence. Secondary Objective: a) To evaluate adherence to treatment after implementing individual, particular and general interventions b) To describe clinical and epidemiological features of a pediatric population treated in a public hospital. Materials& Method: Observational, descriptive and transverse design. Inclusion criteria: Patients with tuberculosis diagnosis. The variables, definitions, indicators and database were those used in the previous reported study. Individual, particular and general interventions were implemented. These interventions were carried out outside the service frame of work. Results: 25 children presented with tuberculosis. The median age was 83 months (range 2m to 15 years). 84% presented with a normal nutritional status. Contact investigations were positive for tuberculosis infection sources in 64% of the cases. Tuberculin test was positive in 76% of the cases. Pulmonary TB was the predominant presentation form; mild or moderate pulmonary TB was observed in 14/25, and severe pulmonary TB in 7/25. The most frequent extrapulmonary sites of infection were the lymph nodes. Chest X-ray: unilateral TB with no cavity was predominant, 11/25. Bacteriological diagnosis was positive in 64% of the cases. Outcome: in 2010, 12% of the patients defaulted treatment. There were no deceased patients. Conclusions: Most of the patients presented with mild or moderate TB. Lymph node TB was the predominant extrapulmonary presentation. Default rate decreased with the implementation of the intervention.

Keywords : Tuberculosis; Treatment default; Non adherence.

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