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Revista americana de medicina respiratoria

On-line version ISSN 1852-236X

Abstract

BORSINI, Eduardo et al. Síndrome de obesidad e hipoventilación en terapia intensiva: Reporte de serie de casos de un Hospital de Comunidad. Rev. am. med. respir. [online]. 2014, vol.14, n.4, pp.494-503. ISSN 1852-236X.

Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome (OHS) includes hypercapnia, sleep disturbances and obesity after other causes of hypoventilation have been excluded. We describe clinical features and evolution of a retrospective series of patients with OHS admitted to a polyvalent ICU. During 24 months, 13 patients, 9 males (69.23%) with an average age of 58.6 years old (SD ± 12.4) and a BMI mean of 48.5 kg/m2 (SD ± 9.1) were identified. The reasons for hospitalizations were: respiratory failure with hypercapnia in 8 patients (61.53%), titration of non invasive ventilation (NIV) in 3 (23.07%) and acute coronary event in 2 cases (15.38%). The mean hospitalization time was 8.9 days. We performed a respiratory polygraphy (RP) in 11 cases (84.6%). All patients had AHI >5/hour; in 90.9% the AHI was severely elevated (> 30/h). We used non invasive ventilation in bilevel modality (S/T mode) in all patients. The pressures used in H2O cm were; IPAP of 23 (SD ± 4.17), EPAP of 12 (SD ± 4.25), respiratory frequency of 18 per minute (SD ± 1.7). We performed 13 titration tests with NIV prior to discharge. Four cases (30.77%) needed presometric modality with insured volume. After NIV, we observed significant changes in arterial pH (p = 0.0019), PaO2 (p = 0.0001), PaCO2 (p = 0.0001), HCO3 (p = 0.008) and the mean of ESS at discharge (6.23 ± 2.20; p = 0.0001). No patient required tracheal intubation and no deaths were observed. All were discharged with NIV devices with oronasal interfaces and night use recommendations. Our findings showed that most hospitalizations were due to respiratory failure with hyipercapnia receiving bilevel modality. The respiratory polygraphy allowed a quickly diagnosis and the NIV monitoring.

Keywords : Obesity; Hypoventilation; Non invasive ventilation.

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