Resumo

CARRATALA, José Manuel; DIAZ LOBATO2,3, Salvador  e  LLORENS¹, Pere. Terapia de alto flujo con cánulas nasales en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca aguda. Insuf. card. [online]. 2018, vol.13, n.3, pp.125-133. ISSN 1852-3862.

High flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in patients with acute heart failure Acute heart failure (AHF) is associated with frequent events of acute respiratory distress (ARD) requiring oxygen and ventilation supplements. Three systems are traditionally used to treat ARD: high or low flow oxygen therapy, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) with non-invasive ventilation (NIV) or with invasive mechanical ventilation. There is a non negligible group of patients with AHF who maintain dyspnea and hypoxemia refractory to conventional oxygen therapy systems after receiving treatment and becoming stabilized. In the last two decades a new strategy has been developed for non-invasive treatment of ARD, that is, high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNCOT). This treatment provides an active elevated flow of up to 60 bpm of heated humidified gas, ensuring a fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 100% with significant patient tolerance and comfort. The efficacy and safety of HFNCOT has been evaluated in different scenarios of ARD in adults. We review the technical characteristics, function and indications of HFNCOT in both AHF and other settings, as well as the protocol of initiation and the complications and contraindications of this therapy.

Palavras-chave : Acute heart failure; Acute respiratory distress; High flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy; Review.

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