Resumen

DIPIERRI, José E et al. Estructura genético-isonímica del noroeste Argentino. BAG, J. basic appl. genet. [online]. 2011, vol.22, n.2, pp.4-16. ISSN 1852-6233.

From a collaborative effort of several institutions and researchers the aim of this work was to further studies on the population structure of Northwest Argentina (NWA) using both the analysis of the distribution and frequency of surnames by the isonymic method and genetic markers. To this end, blood markers (ABO, HLA), Y chromosome, mtDNA and total genomic analysis were used, allelic and haplogroup frequencies were determined, intra-and interpopulation genetic diversity was analyzed and dendrograms were constructed. To assess NWA miscegention, which started in the second half of the XVII century, rates were calculated using as a reference allele frequencies of (European, Amerindian and African) parental populations. Surnames are suitable material for analyzing the structure of populations in terms of consanguinity and kinship and their ethnic origin. This paper analyzes the inbreeding coefficient by random isonymy, isonymic distances calculated as from the identity of surnames and the richness or abundance of surnames that can weigh genetic drift by isonymy. The genetic structure of NWA population shown by isonymy was that it is characterized by low interpopulation differentiation at large urban center level, isolation by distance with a large genetic differentiation among departmental subpopulations, high consanguinity level in isolated departments that are not part of the capital cities in the region, and varying degrees of miscegenation according to the markers considered, but which generally revealed a predominant Amerindian contribution followed by European and African participation. These results are consistent with the demographic attributes, historical background of settlement in the region and geographical particularities of the NWA, which would lead to conclude that the population structure of the NWA would be determined by the migration status and relative isolation of its populations.

Palabras clave : Molecular markers; Population structure; Northwest Argentina.

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