Resumen

PADULA, G; PONZINIBBIO, M.V  y  SEOANE, A.I. Zinc sulfate supplementation of cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes: genomic instability related to its deficiency and excess. BAG, J. basic appl. genet. [online]. 2014, vol.25, n.2, pp.41-52. ISSN 1852-6233.

Zinc (Zn) plays a vital role in children growth and is involved in DNA synthesis and maintenance processes. The current nutrient intake recommendations do not consider the levels required for maintaining genomic stability. The objective of this study is to analyze the cytotoxic and genotoxic effect of in vitro Zn supplementation to evaluate deficiency and excess, and the concentrations within the normal physiological range established for children (80-280 μg/dl). To achieve Zn deficiency, the HAMF12 medium (HF12) was chelated (HF12Q). Lymphocytes were isolated from healthy donors and cultured for 7 days: 1-control (HF12, 60 μg/dl SO4Zn); 2-deficient (HF12Q, 0 μg/dl SO4Zn); 3-80 (HF12Q + 80 μg/dl SO4Zn); 4-180 (HF12Q + 180 μg/dl SO4Zn); 5-280 (HF12Q + 280 μg/dl SO4Zn); 6-380 (HF12Q + 380 μg/dl SO4Zn). Comet and micronucleus assays were performed, and cell viability was determined. Differences were evaluated with χ2 and ANOVA (p<0.05). The DNA damage index (comet assay) was significantly higher in the deficient culture respect to the others. Only the 380 μg/dl dose showed significantly increased frequency in DNA damage in relation to the other supplemented cultures. Micronuclei frequency was significantly higher in the deficient, 280 and 380 μg/dl cultures in comparison with the control, 80 and 180 μg/dl. The higher frequency of chromosomal damage was observed at 380 μg/dl SO4Zn. In vitro Zn supplementation reduced genomic instability. Supplementation with Zn at 80 μg/dl and 180 μg/dl proved to be the most beneficial in reducing genomic instability, whereas doses of 280 and 380 μg/dl would cause an increase in DNA damage.

Palabras clave : Zinc sulfate; Genomic stability; Recommended dietary allowances; Children.

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