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Subjetividad y procesos cognitivos

versão On-line ISSN 1852-7310

Resumo

MALDAVSKY, David; ARGIBAY, Juan Carlos; DE SIMONE, Luján  e  OTALORA, Julieta. The Fundamentalist Oriented Violence in Journalistic Notes: Common Traits and Differences Regarding the Object and Subject of the Wishes in the Notes. Subj. procesos cogn. [online]. 2013, vol.17, n.2, pp.59-90. ISSN 1852-7310.

The authors study six journalistic notes appearing in newspapers from Argentina, Spain and Mexico about two situations of violence, one in Norway (Catholic fundamentalism) and the other one in Nigeria (Islamic fundamentalism). For this purpose, they apply the instruments of the David Liberman algorithm (DLA) which allow them to analyze the wishes and defenses in the narrations and the words. The authors conclude that I) the newspapers tend to characterize the acts of violence with a fundamentalist orientation with the same traits: 1) thirst for revenge, 2) inclination to the dehumanization of the own acts, 3) respect for dogma. Moreover, they tend to characterize the arguments of such acts of violence in the same features: 1) adherence to dogma, 2) feeling of injustice. The passage from the adherence to dogma to the feeling of injustice seems to be the detonator of the violent acts. Apart from these common features, there are some differences between one act of violence and another. The fundamentalism in Norway (which is produced by an individual subject) is considered contagious and histrionic, and the fundamentalism in Nigeria is organized as a group, with recognized leaders, III) The actions of the actors opposed to the fundamentalism have some common and countered features. Within the common features, we have specially the fact of suffering violence from the fundamentalist actors, and among the countered features, we have the fact that Norwegians respond to these violent acts using legal measures, while Nigerians use acts based on the same wishes and defenses of the fundamentalist group. Regarding the arguments of one and other groups in response to the aggressions of fundamentalist orientation, they consist in the attachment to dogma. In addition, there is another argument among the attacked in Norway, consisting in considering the aggressor as insane, IV) Regarding the link between aggressor and victim, it tends to the deceleration of the violence in Norway, and to it's acceleration in Nigeria, V) we also emphasize the importance of the amount of deceased due to attempts, VI) The newspapers have a differential position regarding each of the acts of violence. In regards the attacks in Norway, the journalistic notes have an approach coincident with the community attacked, except from the argument referred to mental imbalance, which they propose to replace with another argument, referred to a political agenda similar to the one of Nazism. On the contrary, regarding the attempts in Nigeria, the journalistic notes have a more impartial and "objective" approach of the facts. We may be able to attribute to the newspaper the position (described in one of the notes) of the Nigerian spiritual leaders of different creeds that exhort to the non-belligerency of the contenders, which, however, have no immediate positive results, VII) While the rawness of the assassin violence predominates in the notes referred to the Nigerian fundamentalists' acts, these traits are more attenuated in the notes referred to the Norwegian fundamentalists' acts, because they alternate with speculations over their determinants and with references to the judgment that was performed to it.

Palavras-chave : Fundamentalism; David Liberman algorithm; Speech acts; Journalistic notes; Instrument.

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