Abstract

TAPIA GONE, Juan Jesús et al. Soil potential use of Cienega de Cabezas wetland, San Luis Potosí, México. Multequina [online]. 2010, vol.19, n.2, pp.93-103. ISSN 1852-7329.

Among the planet's most diverse ecosystems are wetlands, which, after  the glaciers are considered as the source of the largest fresh water and support a high biodiversity. This study covered a total of 3367.00 hectares., Of communal land and small properties, which were previously part of the wetland located in the ejido of Cienega de Cabezas, a town of Tamasopo, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. This ecosystem is of lentic flow and neotropical climates and has significant ecological, economic and cultural, made it the refuge of a significant number of species of flora and fauna in danger of extinction as well as the main source of income for communities that inhabit it. 1207.42 has now only covered by water from the wetland, much of the drying is due to the over exploitation of soil and water resources, but, to date there have been studies that seek to avoid its advanced deterioration. Therefore the classification was made of the potential use of soil as a first step towards wetland conservation. Were located 20 sampling points supported by the INEGI topographic maps, wells were dug agrologic 1.0 m depth and determined their physical properties, and chemical methodology based on the USDA (INEGI, 2009). The criteria considered were the homogeneity and heterogeneity of soils in the area, placing 20 wells selecting the site that best represents the area and the vegetation of the area. The current study showed four different categories according to their ranking of potential land use: Agricultural, lands that have agricultural potential Third Class, with an area of 87.20 ha (2.58%), suitable for any crop, Agriculture and Livestock, lands belonging to the fourth class, with an area of 1476.74 ha (43.85%), suitable for limited crops, Forests and forest crops, lands belonging to the Sixth Class, with severe constraints and whose use would be primarily the forest and reserve land, even though may develop non-intensive farming, with an area of 595.81 ha (17.69 %), and Reserve area with soil and/or nature protection, which correspond to Class Eight Class, with an area of 1207.42 ha (35.85%), suitable only for the maintenance of natural flora and fauna. These results indicate that the original system of the wetland has been disturbed and fragmented in most of the original surface.

Keywords : Biome; Soil classification; Ecosystem.

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