Resumen

AIMAR, Lic. Maria Andrea et al. Nutrition support in renal substitute treatment (hemodialysis) Review and bibliographic update. Diaeta [online]. 2020, vol.38, n.172, pp.41-54.  Epub 30-Mayo-2021. ISSN 1852-7337.

Introduction: hemodialysis (HD) patients have a high prevalence of protein energy wasting, characterized by simultaneous loss of fat and muscle, inflammation and reduced survival. The implementation of nutritional support (NS) is essential in the early treatment of malnutrition. The general objective of this review was to analyze the evidence that exists on the results of the nutritional support in HD patients with established malnutrition and / or at risk of suffering it and, as a specific objective, to detail the effect of the nutritional support in relation to anthropometric, biochemical and clinical parameters in HD patients.

Materials and method: review and bibliographic update, not systematic. Systematic reviews were included, as well as meta-analyzes and scientific articles less than 10 years old, that studied the effects of Intradialytic Parenteral Nutrition and / or oral nutritional supplements (ONS) in adults over 18 years old in HD, intra or inter-subject comparative design and minimum follow-up of 3 months. Searches on Google Scholar, PudMed and Medline were carried out between January 2018 and January 2019. 17 studies were collected and analyzed, with a total of 31,761 patients.

Results and conclusions: nutritional assessment and ONS are the first line to address malnutrition in HD. The quick implementation of NS in any of its forms is an effective strategy that has the potential to improve anthropometric and biochemical parameters, quality of life, and morbidity. Most of the studies analyzed have limitations such as small sample size, heterogeneity of the population and diversity in follow-up times. Further prospective and controlled studies are required to assess the effects of nutritional support on the nutritional status and survival of HD patients and to verify the safety and efficacy of nutritional intervention and its impact on clinical results.

Palabras clave : hemodialysis; nutritional support; malnutrition; energy protein wasting.

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