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Revista argentina de radiología

versão On-line ISSN 1852-9992

Resumo

CARRERA, Cecilia et al. PET/CT in infectious and inflammatory pathology. Rev. argent. radiol. [online]. 2012, vol.76, n.2, pp.127-132. ISSN 1852-9992.

Objective. To demonstrate the utility of PET/CT in infectious and inflammatory diseases. Materials and Methods. We evaluated retrospectively five patients with infectious and inflammatory pathology, by PET/CT scan (hybrid SIEMENS-BIOGRAPH 16, Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) in the period between january 2009 and may 2011. Results. Case 1: a 68-year-old woman presented with a 6- months duration fever, fatigue, and weight loss. The rheumatologic examination showed a decrease in both radial pulses with no other associated symptoms. She underwent a temporal artery biopsy, which confirmed temporal arteritis. A PET/CT scan showed significant uptake in the thoracic aorta and major branches. Case 2: An 85-year-old patient with fever of unknown origin (FUO) was studied suspecting osteomyelitis of the hip, but on the contrary, PET/CT demonstrated an avid enhancement indicative of gluteal cellulitis and pneumonia, ruling out bone infection. Case 3: a 35-year-old woman with evening fever. PET/CT scan showed enlarged multiple FDG-avid mediastinal, axillary and retroperitoneal lymph nodes, as well as diffuse involvement of the spleen with multiple calcifications. Diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection was confirmed by positive immunoglobulin G and M. Case 4: a 39-year-old patient with HIV-infection presented with hypercalcemia. PET/CT scan showed buttocks silicone implants with associated avid inflammatory process, confirmed by biopsy. Case 5: a 45-year-old female with previous history of breast cancer under follow-up presented in recent CT scans enlarged mediastinal and supraclavicular lymph nodes, as well as diffuse multifocal splenic involvement, all of them avid on PET / CT examination. Sarcoidosis was confirmed by a supraclavicular node excision biopsy. Conclusions. PET/CT is a noninvasive diagnostic tool useful for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with FUO. Especially in patients with vasculitis, it may change decisions without needing a diagnostic biopsy, as it is considered the gold standard procedure for diagnosing these entities. It is also a useful technique for follow-up and treatment monitoring in patients with sarcoidosis.

Palavras-chave : Infection; Inflammation; PET/TC.

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