Abstract

DIPARDO, Bruno et al. Hydrodynamic and hydrochemical characterization of a rural basin using a monitoring network with an environmental perspective. Rev. Mus. Argent. Cienc. Nat. [online]. 2021, vol.23, n.2, pp.115-130. ISSN 1853-0400.  http://dx.doi.org/10.22179/revmacn.23.711.

This work was developed in a rural basin of the Tandil district, Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Its objective was to design an environmental network for monitoring the groundwater resource in the Chapaleofú stream basin, which integrates, beyond the classical hydrological view that evaluates the hydrodynamic and hydrochemistry, physicochemical and resource management variables in each sampling site, in a basin located in a rural area. 104 perforations were recorded and 36 were selected by applying a mesh over the basin in a GIS. In each cell, a perforation was selected comparing the variables: acces sibility, jacketing, maintenance, electrical conductivity, distance to the nearest perforation, distance to the center of the cell, direct sample from the aquifer, and sampling and water depth in the same drilling. Hydrochemistry and hydrodynamic were evaluated in a campaign in which samples were taken for physicochemical analysis and the depths of the water level were measured. The variables of resource management surveyed (maintenance, condition, use of soil in the drilling lot and use of soil in the establishment) were related to water potability. A second reduction of the perforations was made, removing four that presented poor quality. Twenty boreholes were selected in the hills sector, seven in the piedmont sector and five in the plain. The hydrochemistry ranged from calcium and / or magnesium bicarbonate in the hills sector to sodium bicarbonate in the plain. No relationship was found between resource management and water quality. This shows the effectiveness in the selection of uncontaminated sites.

Keywords : Drainage basin; Water table; Water chemistry; Land use; Environmental monitoring.

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