Resumen

MARTINEZ TESSORE, ANA LAURA. Digital Divides and the Right to Education during the Pandemic by COVID-19. Propuesta educativa (Online) [online]. 2021, n.56, pp.11-27. ISSN 1995-7785.

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the exercise of the right to education suffered a disruption of unprecedented magnitude. In the space of a few months, 191 countries closed their schools to implement social distancing measures which, according to information provided by UNESCO, affected more than 1.5 billion students from pre-school to university. Of these, 165 million are students in Latin America and the Caribbean. At the time of writing this article, most countries have resumed face-to-face education or are trying out mixed modalities, but the consequences of these measures on the educational trajectories of children and adolescents will probably be felt for decades. Among all the angles from which it is possible and necessary to analyze this phenomenon, this article will focus on the relationship between digital inequalities and educational opportunity, analyzing, on the one hand, in what situation the school closure measure found the region, from the point of view of digital policies in education and in terms of access to digital devices and Internet in homes where children and adolescents live. Secondly, a brief review will be made of the main educational responses adopted by the countries of the region, and their relationship with the aforementioned levels of preparation. Finally, we will reflect on the implications of these phenomena for equity in educational opportunities and point out some digital policy measures in education that are considered key for the transition to a post-pandemic scenario that minimizes the social and educational inequalities exacerbated during this period. The empirical support for this approach will consist of databases from the International Telecommunication Union (2020), the COVID-19 Panel Survey of the Regional Center of Studies for the Development of the Information Society (Cetic.br | NIC.br, 2020), the most detailed study identified in the region on the participation of children and adolescents in education during the pandemic, specific surveys conducted by UNESCO and ECLAC during the pandemic, and specific references to the Kids Online survey conducted in four Latin American countries between 2016 and 2018.

Palabras clave : Digital divides; Remote Emergency Education; Latin America and the Caribbean.

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