Resumo

NICOLETTI, María Andrea. Los indígenas de la Patagonia en los libros de texto de la Congregación salesiana: la construcción de "otros internos" (1900-1930). Hist. educ. anu. [online]. 2006, vol.7, pp.182-207. ISSN 2313-9277.

We propose to analyze the "other interns " in the natives of the Patagonia, as a construction in tension between mechanisms of particularization and of universalization, across books of the Salesians, between ends of the XIXth century and beginning of the century XX. We distinguished basically three categorizations: the construction of the "unfaithful natives ", the conceptualization of the native as "savage" but " savage redeemed ", and the stereotype of the tehuelche as " Natives of the Patagonia ". The first one is the missionary theory "ad gentes " by Don Bosco. The second one is about the context of the conquest to the "desert", and the third one is a stereotype that we analyze from the photography. The prototype of the " Natives of the Patagonia " is the tehuelche and not the mapuche, according to the identification of the mapuche with the "Araucanian invader " and of the image of the docility tehuelche with the evangelization. The salesians books repeat the racism concepts and the stereotypes of savagery on the Patagonian natives who appear in the official books, but they introduce, because of their belonging to the Church, subject such as "savage" as "unfaithful" who needs "civilization" and evangelization.

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