Resumo

BELINI, Claudio. El impacto de la Primera Guerra Mundial y la Gran Depresión en las economías extra pampeanas argentinas. Travesía (San Miguel de Tucumán) [online]. 2019, vol.21, n.1, pp.9-33. ISSN 2314-2707.

The relationship between economic crisis and industrial development has been a recurrent theme in Argentine historiography. From ECLA structuralist interpretations to those based on neoclassical theory and neoinstitutionalism, attempts have been made to describe the link between the two processes. On the other hand, the analysis of the impact of crises on the industrial sector has focused on the experience of the industry around Buenos Aires. This article aims to analyze the relationship between economic crises and the behavior of the manufacturing sector. From the specialized literature, we study the impact of World War I and the Great Depression on industry in extra-pampean regions. We argue that the link between economic crisis and industrial performance has varied over Argentina's economic history and, therefore, there was no unique relationship. In the cases of the crisis of 1913-1917 and the Great Depression, its impact on the extra-pampean industry was very conditioned by the previous trajectory. Since the late 19th or early 20th Century, the wine and sugar regions suffered productive imbalances and competitiveness problems that made them very dependent on the demand of the domestic market. Therefore, the national macroeconomic environment conditioned the trajectory of these regions. In addition, regional performance also depended on the factor endowment, the previous industrial development and the presence of economic actors capable of perceiving the opportunities. While recent studies have shown that these regional economies achieved previously developed an incipient industrial fabric, it seems clear that these crises did not offer enough incentives to promote structural change

Palavras-chave : Economic crisis; Industry; Wine region; Sugar region.