SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online

 
vol.37 issue2Sinopsis of Eleocharis genus (Cyperaceae) from Patagonia ArgentinaBiodiversity of Xylariaceae (Ascomycota) and their hosts in protected areas from Tucuman (Argentina): Biodiversidad de la familia Xylariaceae (Ascomycota) y sus hospedantes en áreas protegidas de Tucumán (Argentina) author indexsubject indexarticles search
Home Pagealphabetic serial listing  

Services on Demand

Journal

Article

Indicators

  • Have no cited articlesCited by SciELO

Related links

Share


Kurtziana

On-line version ISSN 1852-5962

Kurtziana vol.37 no.2 Córdoba Dec. 2012

 

ARTÍCULOS ORIGINALES

 

Type material of Caryophyllaceae (Caryophyllales) in the herbarium of the Museo de La Plata, Argentina, a critical review

Material tipo de Caryophyllaceae (Caryophyllales) en el herbario del Museo de La Plata (LP), Argentina, una revisión crítica

 

Carola Regina Volponi

Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Institutos, Cátedras y Laboratorios, Laboratorio 1, calle 64, n° 3 (casi 120), La Plata, Argentina. Dirección postal: Casilla de Correo 312, Correo Central, B1900AVW-La Plata, Argentina; carolarv@fcnym.unlp.edu.ar
Miembro de la carrera del investigador de la Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Investigadora Adscripta del Museo de La Plata.

 


Abstract

This paper deals with Caryophyllaceae type material deposited in the herbarium of Museo de La Plata (LP), Argentina. The aim of this paper is to give the information resulting from the study and revision of these specimens. The analysis reveals 38 Caryophyllaceae type specimens, of which 15 are holotypes, 10 paratypes, 6 isotypes, 3 syntypes, 2 isolectotype, and 2 paralectotypes; the status and typification of 14 of them were defined or redefined as a consequence of the present study. The specimen of Arenaria achalensis GOET000561 is designated as lectotype. The list included the original names arranged alphabetically, the current names, the type category, the original citation according to the protologue, the locality mentioned in the original label, and additional observations, such as other herbaria where syntypes, lectotypes, isotypes, etc. are deposited.

Keywords: Argentina, Caryophyllaceae, Herbarium LP, Types.

Resumen

En el presente trabajo se realiza una revisión crítica del material tipo de Caryophyllaceae depositado en el herbario del Museo de La Plata (LP), Argentina. El objetivo es dar a conocer la información obtenida como resultado del ordenamiento y estudio de dichos especímenes. En el análisis de los 38 ejemplares tipo de Caryophyllaceae se encontraron 15 holotipos, 10 paratipos, 6 isotipos, 3 sintipos, 2 isolectotipos y 2 paralectotipos. En consecuencia, ha sido definida o redefinida la jerarquía nomenclatural de 14 especímenes. El ejemplar GOET000561 ha sido designado lectotipo de Arenaria achalensis. La lista incluye los nombres originales y los actuales con sus siglas y citas bibliográficas, comentarios sobre las etiquetas que acompañan a la exsiccata, incluyendo la categoría del tipo y observaciones adicionales que incluyen la localización de sintipos, lectotipos, isotipos, etc. en otros herbarios.

Palabras clave: Argentina, Caryophyllaceae, Herbario LP, Tipos.


 

Introduction

The LP herbarium contains approximately 500.000 specimens, of which 111.000 belongs to dicots excluding legumes (Fabaceae) and Compositae (Asteraceae) (Gutiérrez et al., 2002: 77). The collection of Caryophyllaceae comprises ca. 2500 herbarium sheets, of which 37 are type specimens.

The aim of this paper is to give the information resulting from an ordering and study of these type specimens. The results include a list of the original names arranged alphabetically and its bibliographic reference, the locality according to the protologue, the commented contents of the labels accompanying the exsiccata, the nomenclatural type category, and additional observations, such as other herbaria where other types are deposited. The current name appears when the original name has passed into synonymy.

The author of the designation of the nomenclatural type is indicated by the transcription of the determinavit label. The transcription of labels was done following Gutierrez et al. (2002: 78). The original names follow the International Plant Name Index (IPNI). The herbarium acronyms follow the Index Herbariorum (Holmgren et al. 1990).

The digitalized type sheets will be included in the database of type material of the LP herbarium.

TYPE MATERIAL

Arenaria achalensis Griseb., Symb. Fl. Argent.: 26. 1879.

Locality according to the protologue: "C.; S. Achala" [Sierra de Achala].

Label of the ISOLECTOTYPE: ARGENTINA. "785. Arenaria achalensis Griseb. En las pendientes del Cerro Champaquí, cerca del Río del Catre, Sierra de Achala; Provincia de Córdoba. 30, I. 1877. Leg. G. Hieronymus" (LP).

Obs.: 1) The specimen in GOET (GOET000561!) is designated here as lectotype of Arenaria achalensis Griseb., because this material was used by August Heinrich Rudolf Grisebach to describe the species following the article 9.10 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (McNeill et al., 2006).

The specimens LP000988! and CORD00005778! are now considered isolectotypes taking into account that the same collector and number, "G. Hieronymus 785", appears in CORD, GOET and LP.

The specimens Hieronymus 506 (CORD00005781!, GOET000560!), 523 (CORD00005778!, GOET000562!) and 524 (CORD00005780!, GOET000559!) are now considered paralectotypes.

2) Hunziker (1960: 313) wrote that Grisebach only said "Sierra de Achala" on his publications. The specimen in LP is a duplum of the one in CORD and a second one in GOET.

3) The labels of these specimens at CORD, GOET and LP probably were written by a copyist (cfr. Hunziker, 1969: 286).

Arenaria serpens Kunth var. robusta Speg., Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 47: 175. 1899.

Current name: Arenaria serpens Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] vi. 32. 1823 (Volponi, 1985: 338).

Locality according to the protologue: "In salsis prope Boron-Aik secus Rio Chico, Jan. 1898 (C. A.)".

Label of the HOLOTYPE.: ARGENTINA, Prov. Santa Cruz: "Arenaria serpens HBK. var. robusta Speg. Boron-aik/Rio Chico Patagonia Aest.1897-98. C. Ameg.". (LPS 19753).

Obs.: 1) The original label was written by C. Spegazzini. "Holotipo de variedad" in Volponi's handwriting with pencil.

2) Spegazzini (l.c.) described six varieties; the first five: a) to e) were new combinations of species; the sixth, var. robusta, was a new variety under letter f), where the letter f indicates an order. Katinas et al. (2000:196) considered this variety erroneously as a form [Arenaria serpens f. robusta].

Cerastium glomeratum Thuill. X Cerastium humitusum Cambess., Candollea 50: 228, 1995.

Locality according to the protologue: "ARGENTINA, Prov. Buenos Aires, Partido Berisso, Balneario La Balandra. 30-Sept-1990. Volponi 954 (Holotype LP)".

I) Label of the HOLOTYPE: "ARGENTINA, Prov. Buenos Aires, Partido Berisso, Balneario La Balandra. 30-septiembre-1990. Volponi N° 954 (LP)".

Determinavit: "N° Volponi 954 HOLOTYPUS. Cerastium glomeratum Thuill. X Cerastium humifusum Cambess. Det. Carola Regina Volponi XII-94, Museo de La Plata (LP)."

II) Label of the PARATYPE: "ARGENTINA, Prov. Buenos Aires, Partido Berisso, Balneario La Balandra. 1-sept-1991, Volponi 956 (LP)".

III) Label of the PARATYPE: "ARGENTINA, Prov. Buenos Aires, Partido Berisso, Balneario La Balandra. 29-oct-1991, Volponi 958 (LP)".

IV) Label of the PARATYPE: "ARGENTINA, Prov. Buenos Aires, Partido Berisso, Balneario La Balandra. 31-oct-1992, Volponi 974 (LP)".

Obs.: This hybrid is not found in the IPNI.

Cerastium tuegianum Albov ex Albov & Kurtz, Rev. Mus. La Plata 7: 306, 364. 1896.

Current name: Cerastium arvense L. Sp. Pl. 1: 438. 1753 (Volponi, 1990: 268).

Locality according to the protologue: "Hab. In saxosis alpinis montium supra Ushuaia, alt. 600-900 m. (N. A. 1896 nos 165-168)."

I) Label of the SYNTYPE: ARGENTINA. Prov. Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur: a) "165. Hauteurs au dessus d'Ushuaia rochers. 800-900 m. 9/ III/1896. N. Alboff' (LP 029422!).

II) Label of the SYNTYPE: ARGENTINA. Prov. Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur: "166. Hauteurs au dessus d'Usuhuaia, 9/II/1896. N. Alboff" (LP 029421!).

III) Label of the SYNTYPE: ARGENTINA. Prov. Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur: "167. Hauteurs de la rive droite du torrent Ushuaia, rég. Alpine. 9/4/1896. N. Alboff" (LP 029627!)

Obs.: 1) These specimens in LP are considered syntypes following the article 9.4 and Recommendation 9A.2 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (McNeill et al., 2006). Nikolai Michailovich Alboff (Alboff & Kurtz, 1896: 365) mentioned four specimens in his original description, three of them are in LP herbarium.

2) The herbarium specimen III) has two labels: A) "167. Hauteurs de la rive droite du torrent Ushuaia, rég. Alpine. 29/4/1896. N. Alboff'; probably this label is the original with Alboff's handwriting with ink pencil; B) "Cerastium Fuegianum n. sp. Hauteurs au dessus d'Ushuaia, région alpine, 550-600 m s m, 9/ III/1896, Legit N. Alboff". The dates of collection are different in these labels.

3) There is an isosyntype in CORD (CORD00002531), a duplum, with a copy of label mentioned in B).

4) The surname of the species author appears as Alboff in the protologue and in the herbarium labels. For the IPNI, the standard form of this surname is Albov, although Alboff and/or Albow are also accepted as alternative names.

Cerastium rivulariastrum Moeschl & Pedersen, Darwiniana 16 (1-2): 118, figs. 7-10, 12, 13, 16. 18. 1970.

Locality according to the protologue: "Plants of Argentina. Leg. Troels Myndel Pedersen N° 6507. Open woodland on clay. Estancia "Santa Teresa". Dep. Mburucuyá. Prov. Corrientes. 4.9.1962 (C12527!)".

Label of the ISOTYPE: ARGENTINA. "Prov. Corrientes, Dep. Mburucuyá, Estancia "Santa Teresa", Open woodland on clay, Leg. Troels Myndel Pedersen. N° 6507".

Determinavit: "Cerastium rivulariastrum Möschl & Pedersen. Isotypus. Det. T. Myndel Pedersen/70".

Obs.: 1) This specimen was determined first as "Cerastium rivulare, Camb., 4/9-1962, Det. Möschl", because it is very easy to confuse with C. rivulariastrum. A key of differentiation of these species appeared in Volponi (1990: 261).

2) The holotype could be found in the type data base of the Natural History Museum of Denmark with the code C 12527!.

Lyallia andicola Phil., Anales. Mus. Nac., Santiago de Chile, fasc. 2: 7, pl.1, fig. 7, 1891.

Current name: Reicheella andicola (Phil.) Pax in Nat. Pflanzenfam. Nachtr. [Engler & Prantl] 2: 21. 1900.

Locality according to the protologue: "Inter. Machuca et Copacoya. c. 3500 m, s. m. lecta".

Label of the ISOTYPE: CHILE. Región de Antofagasta (II)., Provincia de El Loa: comuna de Calama: "Machuca a Copacoya. 18/II. 1885. SGO 048874. Typus".

Determinavit: "(Reichella) Typus SGO: 048874. Gen. et sp. ined. det. C. Muñoz Pizarro".

Obs.: 1) The herbarium cardboard in LP has two photographs of SGO type specimens. The upper, SGO 039151 (SGO000001964!), "Gen. et sp. ined." is written in Muñoz Pizarro's handwriting. The lower one, "Typus-Lyallia andicola Ph", SGO 048874 (SGO000001965!), shows the same handwriting.

2) Between the photographs is an envelope with two small pieces of the plant and a label "(Reichella) Lyallia andicola Phil. (= Bryopsis andicola (Phil.) Reiche). Inter Machuca y Copacoya. F. Philippi leg. 18-II-1885". These fragments are from the original collection since they have the same numbers (SGO000001964! and SGO000001965!) that appear in the photographs of the herbarium cardboard at LP. Then, the specimen in LP should be considered an isotype following the article 9.3 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (McNeill et al., 2006).

3) In the IPNI this species appears as belonging to Hectorellaceae. In Tropicos, appears under Montiaceae.

Lychnis antarctica Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 3[3]: 14. 1898 [28 Sep 1898].

Current name: Silene patagonica (Speg.) Bocquet, Candollea 22: 37, 1967.

Locality according to the protologue: "Patagonia 50-53° (N° 111 Moreno & Tonini)". Label of the ISOTYPE: ARGENTINA. "Patagonia. Lychnis antarctica OK. 111".

Determinavit: "L. antarctica O.K., probabl. isotype de l'espece: Moreno et Tonini n° 111. Bocquet determinavit." (LP 029190!).

Obs.: 1) The word "Patagonia" is printed on the herbarium label. However, until 1884 the Gobernación de la Patagonia included the actual Argentine provinces of La Pampa, Neuquén, Rio Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz and Tierra del Fuego (Ley 1.532). Kuntze (1898: 14), wrote only "Patagonia 50-53°" in the original description, defining the approximate latitude of the collection place. There is neither place nor date of collection in the LP herbarium cardboard label.

2) Pedersen, in Flora Patagónica (1984: 234), considered this specimen as Silene antarctica (Kuntze) Pedersen; on page 236 he pointed out as collectors "F. P. Moreno et J. Tonini".

3) The isotype in NY (NY00342556!), from Otto Kuntze's herbarium, has a printed label of Museo de La Plata. In the label, "Lychnis (Melandrium) antarctica O. Kuntze n.sp." appears in Kuntze's handwriting. Below, it was stamped: "Patagon 50/3°; 1882/4; F. P. Moreno" and added "Tonini" in handwriting with ink above the name "F. P. Moreno". The letters "iii" appear in the upper left angle, also in handwriting.

4) In the LP herbarium original label, the text "Lychnis antarctica |||" (111?), was apparently written by Francisco P. Moreno, with pencil. (Moreno, 2009: 48).

Lychnis argentina Speg., Contr. fl. Sierra Vent.: 16. 1896. [14 Aug 1896].

Current name: Silene argentina (Pax) Bocquet, Candollea 22: 35, 1967.

Locality according to the protologue: "Común en todas las praderas pero abundando mayormente en las crestas de los cerros".

Label of the HOLOTYPE: ARGENTINA. Prov. Buenos Aires: "Vulgata in montibus Sierra Ventana, Nov 95" (1895). (LPS 10407!).

Determinavit: "holotype du Lychnis argentina Speg., syn. Melandrium argentinum Pax, Silene argentina (Pax) Bocquet. Gilbert Bocquet determinavit 1965".

Obs.: 1) The original herbarium label was written by C. Spegazzini.

2) As an observation, Bocquet wrote by hand in a label attached in the LP herbarium cardboard: "This is the type of Lychnis argentina Spegazzini, Contrib. Est. Fl. Sierra Ventana: 16. 1896, which is a heterotypic synonym of Melandrium argentinum Pax [1894] = Silene argentina (Pax) Bocquet".

Lychnis chubutensis Speg., Revista Fac. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata 3: 596. 1897.

Current name: Silene chubutensis (Speg.) Bocquet, Candollea 22: 37, 1967.

Locality according to the protologue: "Hab. In collinis apricis secus Río Carren-leofii".

Label of the HOLOTYPE: "Lychnis chubutensis Speg. (n. sp.). Melandrium chubutense Speg.". (LPS 19011!).

Determinavit: "Silene chubutensis (Spegazz.) Bocquet, Det. G. Bocquet. 1965".

Obs.: 1) In the original label C. Spegazzini penciled "Lychnis chubutensis Speg. (n. sp.)." and wrote with ink "Melandrium chubutense Speg.". Additional data are the number "71" in the right upper angle and "Moyano 1889" at 90°. There is no locality; probably it was erased, according with the label traces.

2) On the herbarium cardboard there is a small red label with "TYPUS" printed, and "holo" and "L. chubutensis" in Bocquet's handwriting.

3) Bocquet (1967: 37) wrote: "anno 1889, Moyano 71 (holo LP, iso SI). (cfr. Lychnis patagonica Speg., 73? Moyano)".

4) The isotype in SI is under number SI 20892, with Bocquet's determinavit label in his handwriting (SI001240!).

Lychnis patagónica Speg., Revista Fac. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata 3: 597, 1897.

Current name: Silene patagonica (Speg.) Bocquet, Candollea 22: 37, 1967.

Locality according to the protologue: "Hab. Non rara in montanis prope Lago Fontana".

Label of the HOLOTYPE: "Lychnis patagonica Speg. (n. sp.). Melandrium patagonicum Speg. aff. L. argentina Speg. Moyano 1889. 73.". (LPS 19012!).

Determinavit: "Silene patagonica (Speg.) Bocquet, Gilbert Bocquet determinavit 1965".

Obs.: 1) In the original label, "Lychnis patagonica Speg. (n. sp.)", "Moyano 1889" and "73" were written with pencil. Later, Spegazzini wrote "Melandrium patagonicum Speg." in black ink. There is no locality; probably it was erased, according with the label traces.

2) Bocquet (1967: 37) published: "Argentine, Chubut, Lago Fontana, 1889, Moyano (n° 73?)". Designated as holotype by Bocquet (l. c.).

Paronychia brasiliana DC. var. pubescens Chaudhri, Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 285: 152, 1968.

Locality according to the protologue: "Argentine: Prov. Buenos Aires: Monte Hermoso, /1916, E. Carette (LP)".

Label of the HOLOTYPE: "Plantae Argentina, Paronychia brasiliana. Provincia de Buenos Aires: Monte Hermoso. Año 1916. Legit E. Carette" (LP 029135!).

Determinavit: "Paronychia brasiliana DC. var. pubescens Chaudhri. Det: M. N. Chaudhri. Utrecht IX-1968. HOLOTYPUS".

Obs.: 1) In the original herbarium label, the printed "N. Alboff" was crossed out, and below it, "E. Carette" was printed with a stamp with blue ink.

2) In the IPNI this variety appeared as belonging to the Illecebraceae family.

Paronychia cabrerae Chaudhri, Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 285: 181. 1968.

Locality according to the protologue: "NNW Argentine: Prov. Jujuy: Dept. Humahuaca, Azul Pampa, c. 3700 m, 17.ii.1963, A. L. Cabrera 15210 (holo. LP!)".

I) Label of the HOLOTYPE: "Plantae Argentinae. Paronichia. Prov. de Jujuy: Dep. Humahuaca, Azul Pampa, 3700 m s.m. Legit: A. L. Cabrera No. 15210, 17-II-1963, con E. Ancibor, R. R. Ré, H. Tello y A. Torres".

Determinavit: "Paronychia cabrerae Chaudri. Utrecht IX. 1968. HOLOTYPUS"

Obs.: 1) "Paronichia" and "15210" were written by A. L. Cabrera.

II) Label of the PARATYPE: ARGENTINA. Prov. "Jujuy, Depto. Rinconada, Mina Pirquitas, 4300 m s.m. Leg. H. Schwabe, No. 775 con E. Ancibor y A. Vizinis, 1-III-1964. Obs. Flor verdosa".

Determinavit: "Paronychia cabrerae Chaudri. Utrecht IX. 1968".

III) Label of the PARATYPE: ARGENTINA. Prov. "Jujuy, Quebrada de Toquero, 3600 m s.m. Legit: A. L. Cabrera No. 15381, 21-II-1963, con E. Ancibor, R. R. Ré, H. Tello y A. Torres".

Determinavit: "Paronychia cabrerae Chaudri. Utrecht IX. 1968".

IV) Label of the PARATYPE: ARGENTINA. Prov. Jujuy: Depto. Santa Catalina: "Santa Catalina, Puna de Jujuy, 8-III-1897, Colecc. Gerling N. 176" (LP 029110!).

Determinavit: "Paronychia cabrerae Chaudri. Utrecht IX. 1968".

Obs: 1) This herbarium cardboard at LP has Beroqui's handwriting (see Excluded types below) on the sheet ("flor pedicelada cáliz al parecer con las puntas divergentes") and a label with the seal "ENVENENADA" stamped with red ink. It has also a handwriting with pencil: "N. 176 Sta. Catalina, Puna de Jujuy, 8 III 1897, Col. G. Gerling".

Philippiella patagonica Speg., Revista Fac. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata 3: 566, 1897.

Locality according to the protologue: "In pratis glareoso-sabulosis ad ostia Rio Gallegos, Aug. 1882. (C. S.)".

Label of the HOLOTYPE: ARGENTINA. Prov. Santa Cruz: "Phillippiella Speg. (n. gen.) patagonica Speg. (n. sp.). Rio Gallegos 82". (LPS 12653!).

Determinavit: "Phillippiella patagonica Spegazz. Det. N. Chaudhri. Utrecht, IX. 1968".

Obs.: 1) The original label was written by C. Spegazzini.

2) The herbarium cardboard has a) a fastened paper with the description and drawings in Spegazzini's handwriting; b) two fastened envelopes: the upper one is dated in Volponi's handwriting "IV-1976"; the lower one, a smaller envelope with floral diagram, ovarium and stamens drawings in Spegazzini's handwriting.

3) This species is mentioned for arid plateau and slops of E and central part of Santa Cruz province by Pedersen (1984: 223).

4) The seal of TYPUS is in red ink. Spegazzini's herbarium seal is turned upside down.

5) In the IPNI this species appears as belonging to the Illecebraceae family. In Tropicos, appeared under Montiaceae.

6) Chaudhri (1969: 400) indicated the holotype of this species in LP (in fact, the above mentioned specimen has a label with Chaudhri's handwriting) and an isotype in K (K000486387!); however, he did not mention a second isotype in NY (NY00342591!). Both isotypes have the same herbarium label, with Angel Lulio Cabrera's handwriting, but do not have the determinavit from Chaudhri.

Sagina apetala Ard. var. melanopotamica Speg., Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 7: 242, 1902

Current name: Sagina procumbens L., Sp. Pl. 1: 128, 1753.

Locality according to the protologue: "Abunde in dunis ad ostia Río Negro".

Label of the HOLOTYPE: ARGENTINA. Prov. Buenos Aires: "Alrededores del Carmen de Patagones, Febr. 1898. C. S." (LPS 20201!).

Obs.: 1) Pedersen wrote in the Instituto Spegazzini Herbario label: "Typus Saginae apetalae var. melanopotamicae, Speg. = Sagina procumbens, L. 14/5 1980".

2) C. Spegazzini wrote with pencil "Sagina apetala L. var. melanopotamica Speg." at first; after he wrote with ink over the previous own handwritting, "Sagina procumbens L."; afterwards, he crossed out "procumbens" with a line and wrote above "apetala ". In the final line Spegazzini wrote "DC., Pr. I, p. 389" with ink, over the words "var. melanopotamica Speg.".

Sagina apetala Ard. var. paludosa Speg., Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 7: 242, 1902.

Current name: Sagina procumbens L. Sp. Pl. 1: 128, 1753.

Locality according to the protologue: "In inundatis ubique prope Carmen de Patagones".

Label of the HOLOTYPE: ARGENTINA. Prov. Buenos Aires: "Carmen de Patagones, Febr. 1898. C. S.". (LPS 20200!).

Determinavit: "Typus Saginae apetalae var. paludosae, Speg. = Sagina procumbens, L. 14-Mayo.1980", in T. M. Pedersen's handwriting.

Obs.: 1) Pedersen wrote with ink in the Instituto Spegazzini Herbario label: "Typus Sa-ginae apetalae var. paludosae, Speg. = Sagina procumbens, L. 14/5 1980".

2) C. Spegazzini wrote in pencil: "Sagina apetala L. var. paludosa Speg.". Afterwards, he wrote with ink over the previous own handwritting: "Sagina procumbens L.". Then, he crossed out "procumbens " with a line and wrote above "apetala L.", also with ink. In the final line Spegazzini wrote "DC., Pr. I, p. 389" with ink, over the words "var. paludosa Speg.".

3) The plants are inside an envelope. Silene andersonii Clokey, Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 38; 2. 1939.

Locality according to the protologue: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. "Nevada: Charleston Mountains, Clark County; on a steep, north slope in Lovell Canyon, associated with Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt. and Artemisia tridentata Nutt., at an elevation of 2,600 mt, August 9, 1937. Clokey 7514"

I) Label of the ISOTYPE: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. "Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden. Plants of the Charleston Mts., Clark Co., Nevada. N° 7514. ISOTYPE. Silene andersonii Clokey. Levell Canyon. Steep north gravelly slope with Artemisia tridentata Nutt. and Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt. Alt. 2,600 m. Collected by I. W. Clokey. August 9, 1937" (LP 897372!).

Obs.: Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt. and Artemisia tridentata Nutt. These specific names are in reverse order on the herbarium label.

II) Duplum of the ISOTYPE. Private herbarium label of I. W. Clokey, with the same information as in the isotype I). The word "Isotype" is underlined with red. The herbarium cardboard has the old seal of LP herbarium, with the number 035290.

Obs.: Clokey (1939: 3) pointed out the holotype is currently in the University of California herbarium (UC905424!).

The Clokey's herbarium was donated by himself to the California Academy of Science.

The specimen in CAS (CAS0005726!) is also an isotype.

Silene argentinensis Hauman, Anales Mus. Argent. Hist. Nat. "Bernardino Rivadavia" 32: 189. 1923 (name); An. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 32: 457. 1925 (description).

Locality according to the protologue: "Catamarca : El Candado, Jörgensen n° 1608, fèvrier 1917, commun. Tucumán : Cuesta del Arca (chemin de Trancas, Arca est à 2000 m d'altitude), leg. Spegazzini, janvier 1897. Salta : Pampa Grande, leg. Spegazzini, janvier 1897 ".

I) Label of the ISOLECTOTYPE: ARGENTINA. "Silene argentinensis Hauman n. sp. Catamarca, dep. Andalgalá, El Candado, 26.I.1916. leg. P. Jörgensen n° 1608. det. Hauman". (LP 034850!).

II) Label of the PARALECTOTYPE: ARGENTINA. Prov. "Tucumán: Cuesta del Arca (chemin de Trancas, Arca est à 2000 d'altitude), leg. Spegazzini, janvier 1897" (LP 034842!).

III) Label of the PARALECTOTYPE ARGENTINA. Prov. "Salta: Pampa Grande, leg. Spegazzini, janvier 1897" (LP 034847!).

Obs.: 1) Bocquet (1967: 34) did not mention these specimens in LP.

2) The lectotype in SI is under number SI 48882, with Bocquet's determinavit label in his handwriting. The herbarium cardboard has a red label with "TYPUS" printed; above "hololecto" in Bocquet's handwriting. Other isolectoypes are: LIL00454!, US00103399!, MO216779!. Bocquet also wrote in the red label TYPUS: hololecto (SI001304!).

Silene haumanii Bocquet var. haumanii, Candollea 22: 32, 1967.

Locality according to the protologue: "Argentine, Salta, dpt.de Poma, Quebrada de Cobres, 3600 m. 13.2 1945, Cabrera 8726 (holo. LP 054897!)".

Label of the HOLOTYPE: "Flora de la Provincia de Salta. República Argentina. Melandryum friesii Haum. Det.: A.L.C. Loc. Quebrada de Cobres, 3600 m s.m., Departamento Poma, Colec. A. L. Cabrera N° 8726. Fecha 13-II-1945", with A. L. Cabrera's handwriting.

Determinavit: "Silene haumanii Bocquet var. haumanii, Syn. M. friesii", in Bocquet's handwriting.

Obs.: The herbarium cardboard has a red label with "TYPUS" printed; above "S. haumanii", below "holotypus", in Bocquet's handwriting.

Silene inflata Sm. var. patagonica Speg., Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 7: 239, 1902.

Current name: Silene melanopotamica Pedersen ssp. melanopotamica, en M. N. Correa (dir.), Fl. Patagónica IVa: 246, 1984.

Locality according to the protologue: "Hab. Frecuens ad ripas Rio Negro inter ostia ipsius et Carmen de Patagones. Febr. 1898. (C.S.).".

Label of the HOLOTYPE: ARGENTINA. Prov. Buenos Aires: "El Carbón-Rio Negro, Carmen de Patagones. Febr. 1898 C. S." (LPS 10419!).

Determinavit 1): "Silene maritima (Host) With. var. patagonica (Speg.) Hauman", probably in Hauman's handwriting.

Determinavit 2): "Colector Spegazzini, LPS 10419. Silene melanopotamica Pedersen ssp. melanopotamica. Det.: Carola Regina Volponi, Marzo-2006".

Obs.: The protologue is published by Spegazzini in 1902. Later, Hauman (Anales Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires 32: 190. 1923; 456. 1925) published Silene maritima With. var. patagonica Hauman. Pedersen (1984: 248) considered this variety as a species, but the name Silene patagonica (Speg.) Bocquet is used in other valid species. Therefore, Pedersen used the new name Silene melanopotamica Pedersen ssp. melanopotamica.

Stellaria antoniana Volponi, Kurtziana 18: 95 (-96), figs. 1 D-F, 2 A, 1986.

Locality according to the protologue: "Argentina. Prov. Jujuy: Dpto Ledesma: Abra de Cañas, 1600 m s.m. camino a Valle Grande, 24 Km NW de Libertador Gral. San Martín. KrapovicKAs et al. 26593, 8-XI-1974. "Apoyante, flores en selva". (Holotypus speciei LP; Isotypus: CTES)".

I) Label of the HOLOTYPE: "ARGENTINA. Prov. Jujuy, Dep. Ledesma, Loc. Abra de Cañas, 1600m s.m. camino a Valle Grande, 24 Km NW de Libertador Gral. S. Martín. Obs. Apoyante, flores en selva. Leg. A. Krapovickas, A. Schinini y C. Quarín N° 26593, 8-XI-1974. LP".

Determinavit: "Stellaria antoniana Volponi Leg. Krapovickas et al. 26593 (LP). HOLOTYPUS. Det. Carola Regina Volponi. Museo de La Plata. IX-1984".

Obs.: Krapovickas et al. 26593, ISOTYPE in CTES!.

II) Label of the PARATYPE: ARGENTINA, "Prov. de Jujuy: Dep. Santa Bárbara, Sierra El Centinela. Flor blanca, pajonales. 2100 m s.m. Legit: A. L. Cabrera N° 17323, 6-7-I-1966 con A. M. Arambarri, S. M. Cabrera y L. Malacalza.".

Determinavit: "Stellaria antoniana Volponi. Leg. A. L. Cabrera et al. 17323 LP".

Obs.: In the herbarium label, "Stellarid" was written by A. L. Cabrera with ink. The epithet "cuspidata" was written by C. R.Volponi in II-1976.

III) Label of the PARATYPE: ARGENTINA. "JUJUY, Dep. VALLE GRANDE, 5 Km antes de llegar a Río Jordán. 3-XII-1969. Flor pétalos blancos. P. R. Legname y A. R. Cuezzo 7313 C.".

Determinavit: "Stellaria antoniana Volponi. Leg. Legname et al. 7313 C. (LP, LIL)

PARATYPUS. Det. Carola Regina Volponi. Museo de La Plata. IX.1984".

Obs.: In the herbarium label, "Stellaria cuspidata Willd." was written by C. R.Volponi with ink in III-1982.

Stellaria chubutensis Speg., Anales Mus. Nac.

Buenos Aires 7: 241, 1902.

Current name: Stellaria debilis Urv., Mém. Soc. Linn. Par. 4: 618, 1826. (Volponi 1983: 71).

Locality according to the protologue: "Hab. In collinis dumetosis umbrosis secus Carrenleofú, Aest 1901 (N. I.).".

Label of the HOLOTYPE: ARGENTINA.

Prov. Chubut: " Corcovado, Chubut, Aest 1901. N.Illín. Stellaria chubutensis Speg. n. sp. Species S. debili Urv. (nec non ajustam varitalis S. axillari Ph.) valde affinis; S. stenopetala Phil. etiam". (LPS 11035!). Obs.: 1) Designed as holotype by Volponi (1983: 71).

2) The herbarium cardboard has an attached paper with the description in C. Spegazzini's handwriting. At the end, he wrote: "Specimina inspecta sunt. En pratis prope Bahía Blanca, Febr. 1898 (C.S.)".

3) "Corcovado", locality which appears in the main label (43°31'60'' Lat. S-71°35'60'' Long W, prov. Chubut, Dpto. Futaleufú), apparently is a more important locality than "Carrenleofú" (43°34'60'' Lat. S-71°42'00'' Long W). Both locations are about 25 km from each other.

Stellaria pedersenii Volponi, Kurtziana 18: 97 (-98), fig. 1, G-I, 1986.

Locality according to the protologue: "Argentina. Prov. Jujuy: Dpto Santa Bárbara: El Fuerte, A. L. Cabrera et al. 26237, 21-IV-1975. "Fl. Blanca" (Holotypus speciei: LP)."

I) Label of the HOLOTYPE: "Flora Argentina. Prov. de Jujuy, Dep. Santa Bárbara: El Fuerte. 21-IV-1975. A. L. Cabrera 26237, N. Deginani, R. Giangualani, R. Kiesling, M. Zardini et F. Zuloaga. Obs.: Fl. blanca. LP".

Determinavit: "Leg. A.L. CABRERA et al. 26237 (LP). Stellaria pedersenii Volponi. HOLOTYPUS Det. Carola R. Volponi 1984. Museo de La Plata".

Obs.: 1) This herbarium cardboard has a paper with the first annotation in Volponi's handwriting, dated on 8-III-1982.

2) This sheet has a small envelope with one capsule of Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd. ex Roem. & Schult., and many seeds, which was found twisted at one left little branch of the main plant, as marked by a red point on the cardboard.

II) Label of the PARATYPE: ARGENTINA, "La Viña, Salta. Enr. 1897. C. S." (LPS 20351).

Determinavit: "Stellaria pedersenii Volponi. Leg. C. Spegazzini (LPS 20351 en LP). Det. Carola Regina Volponi PARATYPUS IX- 1984".

III) Label of the PARATYPE: ARGENTINA, "Cerro de Cachi, 'Salta', Enero 1897 C. S." (LPS 20348).

Determinavit: "N° 20348. Stellaria pedersenii Volponi. Det.: Carola Regina Volponi XII- 1985. Museo de La Plata (LP)".

Obs.: In the Instituto Spegazzini original label was written "Stellaria nemorum L.?. CRV" with pencil.

Stellaria xanthospora Chodat & Wilczek, Bull. Herb. Boissier Ser. II (3): 293, 1902.

Current name: Stellaria debilis Urv., Mém. Soc. Linn. Par. 4: 618, 1826. (Volponi 1983: 71). Locality according to the protologue: "Bords herbeux de la laguna del Sosneado, vallée de l'Atuel, 2200 m"

Label of the ISOTYPE: "ARGENTINA: Provincia de Mendoza, Laguna El Sosneado, Valle del Atuel 2200 msm. Enero y Febrero de 1897".

Obs.: 1) The herbarium cardboard in LP has an envelope containing a fragment of the type plant. Outside, it was written: "Wilczek 264" in black ink.

2) This fragment is here considered an Isotype, following the Article 8.3 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (McNeill et al. 2006).

3) The fragment of the type plant was sent from Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genevè, Chambésy/Genevè, Switzerland (G), with a photocopy of the original sheet, in which an herbarium label was written: ARGENTINA, "Plantes des environs de St. Raphael et de la Vallée du Rio Atuel (Province de Mendoza) Janvier et Fevrier 1897. N° 264. Stellaria xanthospora spec. nov. E. Wilczek. Bords herbeux de la Laguna del Sosneado, vallée del Atuel. 2200 m". This copy has "PHOTOTYPUS" stamped with a seal with black ink.

Excluded types

Drymaria tucumanensis Beroqui

The description of this name appeared in the Martha Ethel Beroqui's Ph Dissertation ("Contribución al estudio de las Cariofilaceas Argentinas", 1950, Tesis N° 241, Biblioteca "Florentino Ameghino", Museo de La Plata), which has never been published (Beroqui, pers. com.).

The following two specimens studied by Beroqui and mentioned as types of Drymaria tucumanensis on the herbarium cardboards: "Argentina, Prov. Salta: Pampa Grande, Leg. Spegazzini, I-1897, 20125 (LPS)" and "Prov. Tucumán, Pié de la Cuesta, Dto. Trancas, Leg Venturi 4421 (LP)", correspond, in fact, to Drymaria ovata Willd. ex Roem. & Schultes. A revision of the genus Drymaria was published many years later (Duke 19ó1).

Conclusions

This analysis reveals SS Caryophyllaceae type specimens, of which 15 are holotypes, 10 paratypes, ó isotypes, S syntypes, 2 isolectotypes and 2 paralectotypes; the status and typification of 14 of them were defined or redefined as a consequence of the present study. The corresponding revised species are: Arenaria achalensis, Arenaria serpens var. robusta, Cerastium fuegianum, Lyallia andicola, Sagina apetala var. melanopotamica, Sagina apetala var. paludosa, Silene argentinesis, Silene inflata var. patagonica, Stellaria chubutensis and Stellaria xanthospora. The specimen of Arenaria achalensis GOET000561 is designated here as lectotype, then in LP is an isolectotype following the article 9.10 of the ICBN (McNeill et al., 200ó) and the three specimens of Cerastium fuegianum (LP 029421, LP 029422, LP 029627) are considered here as syntype following the article 9.4 and Recommendation 9A.2 of the ICBN (McNeill l.c.).

Acknowledgments

To the Mellon Foundation, for the partial financial support of this paper; to Roberto Kiesling and Sebastián Teillier for the critical reading; to the Librarian Sandra Miguel of the Biblioteca "Florentino Ameghino", Museo de La Plata; to Gisela Sancho who proposed this theme.

References

1. Alboff, N. S F. Kurtz. 1896. Contributions à la florede la Terre de Feu. II. Enumération des plantes du Canal de Beagle et de quelques autres endroits de la Terre de Feu. Rev. Mus. La Plata 7: 353 - 396.         [ Links ]

2. Bocquet, G. 1967. Physolychnidium olim Gastrolychnidium nomenclature fundamentum includens combinationes taxaque nova nonnulla Silenes generis. Candollea 22: 1-55.         [ Links ]

3. Duke, J. A. 1961. Preliminary revision of the genus Drymaria. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45: 173-268.         [ Links ]

4. Gutiérrez, D. G., L. Katinas, S S. S. Torres Robles. 2002. Type material of Carlos L. Spegazzini in the Museo de la Plata herbarium (LP), Argentina. II: Fabaceae. Darwiniana 40: 77-101.         [ Links ]

5. Holmgren, P. K., N. H. Holmgren S L. C. Barnett. 1990. Index Herbariorum. Part I: The Herbaria of the World. New York Botanical Garden, New York. http://sciweb.nybg.org/science2/IndexHerbariorum.asp, [Accessed 27 December 2011]         [ Links ].

6. Hunziker, A. T. 1960. Catálogo de los tipos "grisebachianos" conservados en Córdoba. Bol. Acad. Nac. Cs. Córdoba (Argentina) 41(2): 255-421.         [ Links ]

7. IPNI. International Plant Name Index. http://www.ipni.org/. [Accessed 29 June 2011]         [ Links ].

8. Katinas, L., D. G. Gutierrez S S. Torres Robles. 2000. Carlos Spegazzini (1858-1926): Travels and Botanical work on Vascular Plants. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 87: 183-202.         [ Links ]

9. Kuntze, C. E. O., 1898. Revisio Generum Plantarum, vol. 3[3]: 14. Leipzig.         [ Links ]

10. McNeill, J. (Chairman), R. Barrie, H. M. Burdet, V. Demoulin, D. L. Hawksworth, K. Marhold, D. H. Nicolson, J. Prado, P. C. Silva, J. E. Skog, J. H. Wiersema, N. J. Turland, 2006. International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Vienna Code). Regnum Vegetabile 146. A. R. G. Gantner Verlag KG.         [ Links ]

11. Moreno, E. V. 2009 (1942). Reminiscencias de mi padre el Perito Moreno. Buenos Aires, Ed. Jurídica Argentina, 240 p.         [ Links ]

12. Pedersen, T. M. 1984. Caryophyllaceae, en M. N. Correa (Dir.), Flora patagónica. Colecc. Ci. Inst, Nac. Tecnol. Agropecu. S, parte 4a: 196-276.         [ Links ]

13. Tropicos. Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 27 Dec 2011 http://www.tropicos.org [Accessed 27 December 2011]         [ Links ].

14. Volponi, C. R. 1983. Sinopsis de las especies argentinas de Stellaria (Caryophyllaceae). Lilloa 36 (1):69-75.         [ Links ]

15. Volponi, C. R. 1985. Sinopsis de las especies argentinas de Arenaria (Caryophyllaceae). Darwiniana 26: 331-351.         [ Links ]

16. Volponi, C. R. 1990. Revisión de especies argentinas de Ce-rastium (Caryophyllaceae). I. Darwiniana 30: 259-275.         [ Links ]

Original recibido el 28 de diciembre de 2011;
primera decisión: 13 de agosto de 2012;
aceptado el 24 de octubre de 2012.

Editor responsable: Leonardo Galetto.