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Lilloa

Print version ISSN 0075-9481On-line version ISSN 2346-9641

Lilloa vol.55 no.2 San Miguel de Tucumán Dec. 2018

 

Lilloa 55 (2): 75-79, 7 de diciembre de 2018

Artículo original https://doi.org/10.30550/2018.55.2/7

A new species of Pluteus section Celluloderma (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Southern Brazil

Una nueva especie de Pluteus, sección Celluloderma (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) del sur de Brasil

Wartchow, Felipe1*

1Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, CEP 58051-970, Jo£o Pessoa, PB, BRAZIL.

* Autor corresponsal: fwartchow@yahoo.com.br


Abstract

Pluteus elvaniae is described as a new species belonging to Pluteus Section Celluloderma from Southern Brazil. The species was collected from a seasonal semidecidouous forest and it is morphologically characterized by brown pileus in fresh state, the pileus centre is venose-rugulose in dry state, with a short or indistinctly striate margin, and dermatocystidia with obtuse-rounded to obtuse apex and globose basidiospores.

Keywords: Agaricomycetes; Neotropical; Pluteaceae; taxonomy.


Resumen

Pluteus elvaniae se propone como una nueva especie de Pluteus Sección Celluloderma para la región Sud de Brasil. La especie fue colectada en una floresta estacional y se caracteriza por el píleo casta±o cuando es fresco, centro del píleo venoso-ruguloso cuando está seco, margen cortamente o indistintamente estriada, y los dermatocistídeos con el ápice redondeado-obtuso a obtuso y las basidiosporas globosas.

Palabras clave: Agaricomycetes; Neotrópico; Pluteaceae; taxonomía.

Original recibido el 10 de octubre de 2018,
aceptado el 09 de noviembre de 2018.


INTRODUCCI“N

Pluteus Fr. (Pluteaceae, Agaricales) is a pink-spored agaric genus relatively diverse in Brazil, on which at least 70 taxa are currently known (Putzke & Wartchow 2008, Menolli, De Meijer, Capelari, 2015a). Historically, Pluteus section Celluloderma Fayod comprises all species with a euhymenioderm or epithelial pileipellis sometimes presenting dermatocystidia, and lacking hymenial metuloids (see summary in Menolli & Capelari, 2016). Into this section, the presence of dermatocystidia was a characteristic of the former Pluteus subsection Mixtini (Singer, 1986). However, recent molecular studies showed that this subsection has not phylogenetic support (Justo et al., 2011).

Some species of section Celluloderma with dermatocystidia were reported or described from Brazil, as follow: Wartchow, Cortez, Coelho (2004) cited P. thomsonii (Berk. & Broome) Dennis from Rio Grande do Sul; Menolli & Capelari (2010) reported P. longistriatus (Peck) Peck from S£o Paulo; Menolli et al. (2015a) referred P. anomocystidiatus Menolli & de Meijer, P. chusqueae (E. Horak) Menolli and P. eludens E.F. Malysheva, Minnis & Justo from Paraná; and Menolli, Justo, Capelari (2015b) described P. brunneocrinitus Menolli, Justo & Capelari from S£o Paulo, P. crinitus Menolli & Capelari from Amazonas and P. necopinatus Menolli & Capelari from Rio de Janeiro.

Even so, I present in this report Pluteus elvaniae sp. nov. collected in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Fungal material was collected in a ‘seasonal semideciduous forest’, within the Atlantic Forest Domain, and influenced by anthropoid activities (Longhi et al., 2000). Usual methodology on the study of agaric fungi was followed (Singer, 1986). Presentation of basidiospore data follows the methodology proposed by Tulloss, Ovrebo, Halling (1992), slightly modified (Wartchow, 2012). The holotype is deposited at JPB (Thiers, 2018; continuously updated).

RESULTS

Pluteus elvaniae Wartchow, sp. nov. Figs. 1-2

MycoBank number.— MB 828426. Type.— BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul: Santa Maria, Morro do Elefante, 15-IV-2002, F. Wartchow 029 (JPB 63208, holotypus hic designatus!).


Fig. 1. Pluteus elvaniae (holotype). A) Basidiome. B) Basidiospores. C) Basidia. D) Pleurocystidia. E) Cheilocystidia. F) Pileipellis elements. Scales: A = 10 mm, B-F = 10 µm.


Fig. 2. Pluteus elvaniae (holotype). Basidiome with the rugulose/venose pileus surface. Scale: 10 mm.

Diagnosis.— The new species is charac- terized by the combination of brown pileus in fresh state, venose-rugulose pileus centre in dried state, short or indistinctly sulcate margin, globose basidiospores 5.5-7 — 5-7 μm, Q = 1.00-1.08 (-1.12), Q = 1.04, and lageniform to broadly lageniform rounded- obtuse to obtuse dermatocystidia 63-100 — 17-40 μm.

Etymology.— In honor to my mother, Mrs. Elvani Wartchow, who helped me since when I was undergraduate student in the Biological Sciences in 1998.

Pileus 20-24 mm, plano-convex to nar- rowly convex, brown to slightly darker; sur- face slightly viscid, glabrous, smooth when fresh then rugulose/venose in dried state; margin not striate but only slightly distinctly very short sulcate but not showing the white context; context thin, fleshy, becoming thin- ner toward the margin. L amellae free, sub- crowded, membranous, cream with concol- orous edge; lamellulae present. S tipe 21-25 — 1-1.5 mm, central, cylindrical, recurved with a small and indistinct submarginate bulb, cream, smooth, glabrous, hollow. Spore print not observed.

B asidiospores 5.5-7 — 5-7 μm (L = 6.4 μm, W = 6.1 μm, Q = 1.00-1.08 (-1.12), Q = 1.04), globose to occasionally subglobose, smooth, thick walled, with a large guttulate content, stramineous. B asidia 23-35 — 7-9 μm, clavate, bearing four sterigmata. Pleurocystidia 38-63 — 12-20 μm, fusoid-lageni- form to sometimes fusoid-ventricose, with obtuse tips only occasionally subcapitate, scattered over all lateral surface, thin walled, hyaline. Lamella edge sterile, with crowded cheilocystidia. C heilocystidia 30-51 — 8-18 μm, fusoid-ventricose to lageniform some- times narrower clavate or with a capitate apex, thin walled, hyaline to pale brown pigmented. P ileipellis an epithelium with dimorphic hyphae; (1) sphaerocysts most frequently pyriform or sphaeropedunculate (some presenting a long pedicel) to sometimes ovoid 28-47 (-58) — 18-36 μm, with brown pigment uniformly dissolved, and (2) dermatocystidia 63-100 — 17-40 μm broad- ly lageniform to lageniform, sometimes with subcapitate apex, and subobtuse to obtuse, not acute nor rounded, frequently with condensed brownish pigment, but sometimes uniformly dissolved. C aulocystidia up to 50 — 7 μm, hyphoid or very slender clavate, hyaline, thin walled, occasional or occurring in small tuffs of short elements arising from context. S tipe context with longitudinally oriented hyphae 2.5-10 μm, somewhat in- flating to 20 μm wide, without a trace of terminal inflated elements. H ymenophoral trama bilateral inverse. Clamp connections absent from all tissues examined.

Habit.— Solitary on rotten wood in sub- tropical forest.

Known distribution.— Only known from type locality.

DISCUSSION

Pluteus elvaniae belongs to section Cel- luloderma due the presence of epithelial pileipellis mixed with frequent dermatocystidia among them and absence of metuloids (Singer, 1958, 1986; Menolli & Capelari, 2016). The subsection Mixtini in the sense of Singer (1958, 1986) cannot be considered due it is not phylogenetically supported (Justo et al., 2011). But according to Singer’s (1958) key, the new species can be includ- ed together with taxa of the putative stirps ‘Venosus’, that are characterized by the venose/rugulose pileus centre in dried state, short or indistinctly sulcate margin and the rounded-obtuse to obtuse (in this case) dermatocystidia (Singer, 1958, 1986). Among members included in this group, two species reported by Singer (1986) can be segregate, as follow:

Pluteus subminutus Singer from forests of Argentina and Bolivia differs in the smaller basidiospores 3.7-5.7 — 3.7-5.5 μm, the ventricose-vesiculose to vesiculose pleurocystidia, and pileipellis bearing cystidioid mostly elongate to short and broad bodies which is account by long pedicel (Singer, 1958).

Pluteus agriensis Singer from Ecuador differs in the smaller basidiospores 4.5-5 — 4.4-4.8 μm, smaller and narrower der- matocystidia 27-37 — 9.3-15 μm, ampulla- ceous pleurocystidia and smaller (15-18 — 3-15 μm) sphaerocysts on pileipellis (Singer, 1978).

Later, Pradeep & Vrinda (2006) described P. delicatulus C.K. Predeep & Vrinda from In- dia, which differs in the smaller pileus 7-10 mm, clavate to vesiculose pleurocystidia, relatively narrow and longer dermatocystidia 46.5-147 — 15-27 μm with a long neck and obtuse to subacute apices, and slightly smaller basidiospores (4.5-) 5.5-6 — (4.5-) 5.3-5 μm.

The type species of this putative stirps, P. venosus Singer from Florida, USA, was protologued with transparently striate pileus margin (smooth in dried state), fuscous cystidioid hairs in the lower stipe surface, vesiculose cystidia, and relatively narrow dermatocystidia 51-68 — 10.8-16 μm (Singer, 1956, 1958). However, Minnis & Sundberg (2010) did not find any trace of elongate dermatocystidia, synonymizing this species with Pluteus jamaicensis Murrill. Even so, I do not consider P. venosus as similar species since differences in the pileipelis occurs between this species and P. elvaniae.

Other Brazilian species of Pluteus section Celluloderma bearing dermatocystidia are known: P. anomocystidiatus differs in the clavate to spheropedunculate pleuro- cystidia and filiform cheilocystida; P. brunneocrinitus in the brown fibrils on stipe and smaller basidiospores 4.5-5.5 — 4.5(-5.0) μm; P. chusqueae in the scarce pleurocystidia and narrowly fusiform or narrowly clavate to filiform dermatocystidioid elements; P. crinitus in the presence of long tuffs hairs on pileus surface; P. eludens in the pigmented cheilocystidia given a dark brown lamella- edge; P. longistriatus in the deeply deeply sulcate-striate over at least one-half the radius pileus and the elongate-fusiform or elongate-clavate dermatocystidia; P. necopinatus in the globose basidiospores 5.0-5.5 — 5.0-5.5 μm and fusiform more acute der- matocystidia; and P. thomsonii in the pres- ence of rostrate cystidia (Wartchow et al., 2004; Menolli & Capelari, 2010; Menolli et al., 2015a, 2015b).

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I thank Dr. Jean C. Budke for accompa- nying the trip collections and CNPq for providing the ‘Produtividade em Pesquisa’ grant (Proc. 307947/2017-3) and supporting the Project ‘Fungos agaricoides em áreas de Mata Atl¢ntica e Caatinga no Estado da Paraíba’ (Edital Universal Proc. 420.448/2016-0).

BIBLIOGRAFÍA

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