INTRODUCTION

The aim of this study was to characterize the first 116,974 COVID-19 cases in Argentina.

METHODS

An epidemiological surveillance study was conducted. Epidemiological, demographic and clinical characteristics of the RT-PCR confirmed cases reported to the National Health Surveillance System were analyzed.

RESULTS

There were 51.2% of the cases locally transmitted, with 32.3% of close contacts and 0.9% of imported cases. Health workers accounted for 7.6%. The median age was 37 years (interquartile range: 26-51). Among the confirmed cases, 67.0% reported signs or symptoms. Of these, 59.0% reported fever The respiratory system was the most affected (78.5%), while 23.9% reported loss of smell, and 18.3%, of taste. There were 2134 deaths, 81.6% >60 years old. National case fatality rate was 6% at the beginning of the outbreak and then decreased to 1.8% by July 17,2020. Mortality rate was 4.7 deaths per 100,000 habitants. Regarding comorbidities, the most frequent was arterial hypertension (15.8%). Among the deceased people, arterial hypertension was the most frequent (58.7%) in those >60 years old, and diabetes (29.9%) in those <60. There were no comorbidities in 5.2% of the deceased >60 years old and in 15.1% of those <60.

DISCUSSION

The epidemic in Argentina started with imported cases, then moving towards local transmission and specific cluster outbreaks. Incidence in health workers and fatality rate have been decreasing in the last months, resulting in mortality rates lower than in other countries of the region and the world. It is necessary to conduct specific studies in order to assess the association between comorbidities and mortality.

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